2020 - Page 5 of 7 - CHILD AND CHEST HEALTH CARE

NIPAH VIRUS DISEASE IN CHILDREN,DR.Dev,M.D.,Child specialist and child chest specialist,Sahibabad,UP,Delhi NCR

Pediatrician and Pediatric Pulmonologist Dr.Dev Kumar Jha,Formerly at AIIMS,New Delhi - 20 Mar, 2020 - Professionals Guide, - 0 Comment

Human Nipah virus disease is a life threatening disease with mortality rate of 40-75%.It is a zoonotic disease caused by a paramyxovirus,NIPAH VIRUS,named after a village in Malaysia Sungai Nipah.

The natural reservoir of this virus is large fruit bats of genus Pteropus.Transmission of this virus to human occurs when there is a contact with infected bats,or consuming fruits contaminated with secretions of bats,or infected pigs.Human to Human transmission has ben proved in 2001.

Symptoms of the disease are fever,nausea,vomiting,headache.When the disease progresses,it may cause shortness of breath,and on deterioration ,it may cause,drowsiness,confusion and coma.There may be features of encephalitis.

It is diagnosed by detecting viral antigen by real time PCR,in samples from nasal swab,throat swab,CSF,urine and blood.In the later peroid,antibody may be detected by ELISA.

TREATMENT is mainly symptomatic with supportive care.There is no specific treatment.RIBAVARIN, an antiviral may have role in encephalitis caused by Nipah virus

Rashes over body;Dr.Dev,M.D.,Child specialist and Child chest specialist,Sahibabad,UP,Delhi NCR

Pediatrician and Pediatric Pulmonologist Dr.Dev Kumar Jha,Formerly at AIIMS,New Delhi - 20 Mar, 2020 - Child Health Guides,Medical Guide,Parents’ Guide,Professionals Guide, - 0 Comment

Rashes over body of children may of different types and due to different reasons.Most common rashes over the body of children are due to allergy.Allergy may be due to any thing which is in the air or which the child commonly eats or drinks.Allergic rashes may cover the whole body within minutes or progresses over the day.Some children may have some congenital defect and they are more vulnerable to allergic rashes.Allergic rashes are usually red coloured and wheel shaped but it can be like pin heads and confluent erythmatous rashes.Sometimes there may be swelling of lips ,tongue and digits.In the most severe form,there is swelling of the larynx(the door to the lungs) causing laryngeal edema and there is spasm (narrowing) of bronchi(airway).In this case life of the child may be endangered.So,any rash over the body of child should not be ignored and a doctor should be consulted as soon as possible.Allergy may be caused by any drug,whether the child has taken it previously or not.Allergy may be due to any vaccine.

Rashes may be due to viral infections in the form of Measles,Rubella,or Chicken Pox.These can be identified only by a qualified doctor.Vaciines are available to prevent these viral diseases..

Rashes over body may be due to some autoimmune diseases which is chronic condition requiring detailed investigations and complex treatment.

Rashes may be due to atopic dermatitis which requires long term treatment..

Rashes may be due to scabies in which case other family members are also affected.

JAUNDICE IN NEWBORN IS DIFFERENT FROM JAUNDICE IN OLDER CHILD OR ADULT,DR.DEV,M.D.,CHILD SPECIALIST AND CHILD CHEST SPECIALIST SAHIBABAD,UP,DELHI NCR

Pediatrician and Pediatric Pulmonologist Dr.Dev Kumar Jha,Formerly at AIIMS,New Delhi - 20 Mar, 2020 - Child Health Guides,Parents’ Guide, - 0 Comment

There is a general conception among parents that jaundice in newborn baby is the same type as in older child or in adults.

Jaundice in newborn baby is totally different from older child or adults.In newborn baby, jaundice is caused by break down of red blood cells(RBC),whereas in older child and adults,jaundice is caused usually due to inflammation(swellig) of liver.So the jaundice in adults and older children is a sign of hepatitis ,whereas jaundice in newborn is a sign of breakdown of blood.In some circumstances,breakdown of blood is also responsible for jaundice in older child or adults and on the other hand hepatitis is also responsible for jaundice in newborn babies.

Jaundice is the commonest clinical sign in a newborn baby.In newborn babies,jaundice is commonly seen on the skin as increase yellowness of skin after blanching. It appears first on face then progresses downwards .If it appears on the palms and soles,it becomes dangerous and immediate treatment is required..In newborn, slight level of jaundice is normal and does not require any treatment,which is known as physiological jaundice.It disappears automatically in due course of time.But parents should always consult a qualified doctor if a newborn appears yellow..When the level of jaundice is high or prolonged which will be decided by a qualified doctor,it needs treatment and the jaundice is called pathological jaundice.It happens due to various causes ,the most common among them is blood group incompatibility between mother and newborn,mainly Rh incompatibility,when the mother is Rh negative and the baby is Rh positive.

The treatment is phototherapy and in severe cases exchange blood transfusion, in which the whole blood of baby is exchanged with matched blood.

REPEATED COUGH AND/OR DIFFICULTY IN BREATHING MAY BE ASTHMA IN CHILDREN,DR.DEV,M.D.,PEDIATRICIAN AND PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGIST,SAHIBABAD,UP,DELHI NCR

Pediatrician and Pediatric Pulmonologist Dr.Dev Kumar Jha,Formerly at AIIMS,New Delhi - 20 Mar, 2020 - Child Health Guides,Medical Guide,Parents’ Guide,Professionals Guide, - 0 Comment

Repeated episodes of cough or difficulty in breathing may be a manifestation of Asthma in children.It is a common belief that,Asthma is a disease of adults and it does not occur in children.The fact is that, Asthma can occur at any age and it has been diagnosed and treated successfully in many infants less than one year of age.

Asthma has a genetic predisposition but a child not predisposed genetically may also develop Asthma.There should be an interaction with offending environment for a child genetically predisposed to develop Asthma.

Asthma in children is an allergic disease of respiratory system.But it may be nonallergic also.Allergy may be due to many things in the air or in the foods.

When a child develop breathlessness,usually parents call it as pneumonia.But it may not be pneumonia,it may be Asthma only or Asthma associated with Pneumonia.There are many conditions in children which looks like Asthma. So an expert and qualified doctor only can diagnose the condition as Asthma.

The mainstay of long term management of Asthma is inhalational steroid.Many parents are scared of steroid.There is no reason to be scared of steroid if it is given in right dose and duration which will be decided by a doctor. Steroid is not a poison,rather it may be nector when it becomes life saving in acute severe exacerbation of Asthma. In such conditions, it is given orally(through mouth) or intravenously(i.v.injections) as the condition permits.

Asthma is not curable but controllable.It must be controlled by regular use of inhalational steroid in children, as the lungs of children are growing lungs, and if left uncontrolled, the lung growth will be hampered .If lungs will not grow properly,body will also not grow properly.

BREAST FEEDING DURING PREGNANCY,DR.DEV,M.D,CHILD SPECIALIST AND CHILD CHEST SPECIALIST,SAHIBABAD,UP,DELHI NCR

Pediatrician and Pediatric Pulmonologist Dr.Dev Kumar Jha,Formerly at AIIMS,New Delhi - 20 Mar, 2020 - Medical Guide,Parents’ Guide,Professionals Guide, - 0 Comment

Breast feeding is the most essential part of infant caring.Every child should be breast fed exclusively for the first 6 months of life.There is no substitute for this.

There are many nutrients available in mothers milk which are not available in other milk.It is essential for the proper growth of infants.It also helps mother in many ways.It is also essential for emotional bonding between mother and child.

There are pressures on mother from family,society and from some medical professionals ,not to breast feed the baby if she has become pregnant again.

There are many explanantions in favour of it.It is believed that, if a mother feeds the baby when she is pregnant again,there will be spontaneuos abortion,there will be preterm delivery,there will be growth retardation of fetus carried by mother,mother will become weak due to nutritional deficiency.

All explanations for not breasting feeding during pregnancy are baseless as per current knowledge.There has been no scientific study to prove these concepts.

The fact is ,mother can continue breast feed her infant while she is pregnant and she has to take nutritious diets and keep her health in good condition.

THALASSEMIA,DR.DEV,CHILD SPECIALIST,Sahibabad,UP,Delhi,NCR

Pediatrician and Pediatric Pulmonologist Dr.Dev Kumar Jha,Formerly at AIIMS,New Delhi - 20 Mar, 2020 - Child Health Guides,Medical Guide,Parents’ Guide, - 0 Comment

Thalassemia is a disease of deficiency of blood in body.It is a cause of Anemia.It is a disease of genetic origin of hereditary pattern.It means,it passes to generations through genes.It has autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance,means,all children of affected persons will not have the disease.

It is of two types=Thalassemia major and Thalassemia minor.In case of Thalassemia major,the child will have deficiency of blood after the age of 6 months and before the age of 12 months.This child will need repeated blood transfusion,every 3-4 weeks.But in case of Thalassemia minor,which is detected by blood tests,the child will have little deficiency of blood and will not require blood transfusion for this disease.

PRECAUTION IN CASE OF THALASSEMIA MINOR-If a child has been diagnosed as Thalassemia minor,he or she should not get married with a partner having Thalassemia minor.If they get married with the same trait,their child will have more chance to have Thalassemia.

chest X-Ray is not needed to diagnose Pneumonia,Dr.Dev,Pediatrician and Paediatric Pulmonologist,Sahibabad,UP,NCR,DELHI

Pediatrician and Pediatric Pulmonologist Dr.Dev Kumar Jha,Formerly at AIIMS,New Delhi - 20 Mar, 2020 - Professionals Guide, - 0 Comment

Pneumonia is the most common killer for children below 5 years of age.It is a condition,characterised by fever,Tachypnea,with or without,chest retraction,flaring of ala nasi,head bobbing,suprasternal retraction,cyanosis, and vomiting.If there is only fever and tachypnea,it is called mild pneumonia.If it is associated with chest retration,it is called moderate to severe Pneumonia and if there is cyanosis with refusal to feed with or without seizure ,it is called very severe Pneumonia.

Pneumonia should be diagnosed clinically.Usually chest X-Ray is not required to diagnose Pneumonia.Chest X-Ray exposes the child to ionising radiation which is harmful for a growing lung.But,if the child does not respond to appropriate treatment within 48 hours,or the child deteriorates even after continuous treatment appropriately for 48 hours,chest X-Ray should be done to rule out complications of Pneumonia in the form of Parapneumonic effusion or the most severe form of severe Pneumonia,i.e,NECROTISING PNEUMONIA.

Please see image in the gallary.

DO NOT BE PANIC FOR DENGUE FEVER,DR.DEV,M.D.,CHILD SPECIALIST AND CHILD CHEST SPECIALIST,SAHIBABAD,UP,NCR,DELHI

Pediatrician and Pediatric Pulmonologist Dr.Dev Kumar Jha,Formerly at AIIMS,New Delhi - 20 Mar, 2020 - Child Health Guides,Parents’ Guide, - 0 Comment

Dengue fever is common in India during mid September to mid November.

It is characterised by fever,body pain,headache,weakness,vomiting and rashes over body.Sometimes rashes appear first with itching ,followed by fever.Usually it starts with fever with cold and cough ,then rashes appear.It gets cured with symptomatic treatment in majority of cases.

Sometimes,it becomes serious when blood pressure stars to fall.Immediate intervention is needed in such cases after hospitalisation of patients.

Platelets start to fall in few cases and sometimes it requires platelets transfusion.

In few serious cases,blood transfusion is also needed.

Whenever your child develops ,fever with cough and cold ,rashes over body,headache with weakness,immediately consult Dr.Dev,Pediatrician and Pediatric Pulmonologist to get your child correctly diagnosed.

DIWALI and Asthma in Children,Dr.Dev,M.D.,Pediatrician and Pediatric Pulmonologist,Sahibabad,UP,NCR,Delhi

Pediatrician and Pediatric Pulmonologist Dr.Dev Kumar Jha,Formerly at AIIMS,New Delhi - 20 Mar, 2020 - Child Health Guides,Parents’ Guide, - 0 Comment

Diwali is a festival of India which is celebrated in every part of India.It is a festival of light,celebrated every year during later part of October or first part of November

Traditionally,people burn crackers to express their happiness on this occasion.India has a huge population.When,people burn crackers on the same day,huge smokes come in the air.

Children breath more frequently than adults.When they inhale smokes ,it irritates the airways.Children,who have asthma are very sensitive to any changes in air quality. So they develop asthma exacerbation(flare ups),ranging from mild to severe.Some children have to visit pediatric emergency department due to deficiency of oxygen.Some have to be admitted in Pediaric intensive care units..

So,the practice of crackers burning should be avoided.When you feel any changes in respiratory activities of your children,please contact Dr.Dev,Pediatric Pulmonologist,Sahibabad,UP,NCR,Delhi

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Pediatrician and Pediatric Pulmonologist Dr.Dev Kumar Jha,Formerly at AIIMS,New Delhi - 20 Mar, 2020 - Child Health Guides,Common Childhood Disease,Growth Monitoring,Medical Guide,Parents’ Guide, - 0 Comment

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